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Types and Application of Fertility Medications in IVF Treatment
Fertility medications are fundamental in IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) treatment, playing a pivotal role in stimulating the ovaries to produce multiple eggs, thereby increasing the chances of successful fertilization. These medications are carefully administered and monitored throughout the IVF process.
Stimulation of Egg Production
- These hormones, typically follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), are administered via injections to stimulate the ovaries.
- They encourage the growth and development of multiple follicles (fluid-filled sacs in the ovaries), each containing an egg.
Monitoring and Hormone Regulation
- Regular ultrasounds and blood tests monitor the growth of follicles and hormone levels.
- These tests help determine the readiness of the follicles and eggs for retrieval.
- These medications help prevent premature ovulation. Premature ovulation could disrupt the timing of the egg retrieval process in IVF.
- GnRH agonists or antagonists regulate the release of the eggs more precisely, enhancing the success of the procedure.
Triggering Egg Maturation
- Once the eggs are matured and ready for retrieval, a trigger shot of hCG is administered.
- This hormone mimics the natural LH surge, triggering the final maturation of the eggs before retrieval.
Egg Retrieval and Fertilization
- Egg Retrieval: Around 36 hours after the hCG trigger shot, a medical procedure retrieves the matured eggs from the ovaries using a specialized needle guided by ultrasound.
- Fertilization: The retrieved eggs are then fertilized with sperm in a laboratory setting. The resulting embryos are cultured and monitored for several days before one or more are selected for transfer into the uterus.